中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
从“物流追踪网”到巨能“翅膀” 天舟护送“太空快递”安全签收******
中新网北京5月10日电 (王雪姣 马帅莎)5月10日凌晨，太空“快递小哥”天舟四号货运飞船，在专属“物流车”长征七号遥五运载火箭的搭载下，顺利升空，踏上空间站的货物运送旅途。
科研人员为天舟四号配备了三重安全防护，打造了一张“物流追踪网络”和巨能“翅膀”，保证“太空快递”安全“签收”。
三重安全防护举措 守护“物流车”安全
火箭发射具有一定风险，中国电科集团研制的地面安全遥控系统是火箭发射的必要条件，用于发射任务的主动段，通过对火箭发射过程中的数据进行实时动态监控，来分析判断火箭状态。一旦飞行出现异常，设备将发送特殊指令启动自毁装置，最大程度避免火箭坠地造成的危害。
运载火箭上还安装了脉冲相参应答机，作为火箭飞行主动段重要的外弹道测量设备，它可以与地面雷达协同完成运载火箭全程实时航迹测量，实时传送火箭的精确位置、速度信息，为研判正常飞行提供决策支撑。
除了依靠光学跟踪、火箭上的设备对火箭监测以外，科研人员专门配备了精密测量雷达。此次发射，中国电科集团研制配备了国内首部大口径雷达遥测一体化系统，可实现对火箭精密跟踪，同时承担火箭遥测信号下行接收与解调工作，对火箭的安全飞行具有重要意义。
5月10日1时56分，搭载天舟四号货运飞船的长征七号遥五运载火箭，在中国文昌航天发射场成功发射。 中新社记者 骆云飞 摄测控“天罗地网” 畅通物流配送通道
在运送物资过程中，为了实时捕捉、监控“快递员”的运送轨迹，科研人员在陆海空天、国内外各测控站点，布设了多型号统一测控系统、遥测系统、中继卫星等，共同织就立体通信测控网，全方位、无死角地追踪捕捉“快递”位置。
在火箭送飞行器入轨的过程中，多型号统一测控系统、遥测系统、系列测控通信设备，编织成高效可靠的“空-地信息高速公路网”，通过接收和发送指令，精确测量火箭和飞行器的速度、距离、飞行姿态和角度，为火箭发射和天舟四号成功入轨提供精确数据，控制飞行器按照预定轨迹飞行。
在海上，新一代船载测量雷达可在测量船摇摆的情况下得到和地面一样高的测量精度，有效弥补陆地测量时间不足，延长测量弧段。
“超稳”太阳电池阵 为物资飞天插上巨能“翅膀”
据悉，中国空间站组合体连续工作一天的用电量抵得上一个家庭约一年的用电量。要想满足如此高的用电需求，中国电科为空间站的每一个航天器，打造了各具特色的巨能“翅膀”，它们组合起来宛如一座巨大的“能量加油站”。
其中，为天舟货运飞船打造的国内独创半刚性太阳电池阵“翅膀”，具备高能量、大功率等优势，两翼供电能力超过8kW，其一天的发电量就能满足普通家庭半个多月的用电量。
作为一款高电压、万瓦级的大功率太阳电池阵产品，半刚性太阳电池阵以“碳纤维框架+玻璃纤维网格结构”为基板，在继承天舟一号半刚性太阳电池阵技术基础上，天舟四号货运飞船使用的太阳电池阵产品，进一步提高了三结砷化镓太阳电池效率，解决了低轨道高电压太阳电池阵防静电充/放电等问题，降低了太阳电池阵工作温度，让天舟四号这个“大体格”也能“一飞冲天”，顺利将各种物资运往太空。(完)
| 乐乐彩平台地图 |
